Судан и Большой Ближний Восток

299 Nikolai A. Dobronravin. New sources on the Tijānī Emigration from West Africa... also became the target of colonial ambitions and became a British colony after the Battle of Burmi, in 1903, in which Alfā Hāshim participated. Alfā Hāshim then embarked on another emigration, this time via Darfur and the Nilotic Sudan to the Ḥ ijāz. From about 1905 onwards he resided in Medina, where he spent much of his time in the Prophet's Mosque and acted as a liaison for West African visitors, emerged as the supreme leader of the Tijāniyya order in the Ḥ ijāz, and instructed many students in Islamic law and issued legal opinions 1 . Taking into account the role of Mu ḥ ammad al-Hāshimī in the modern history of West African Tijānīya and African diaspora Islam, 2 the letters to him preserved in the Trinity College Library are certainly of interest, adding some valuable details to the micro-history of this shaykh and other Tijānī emigrants from West Africa. Another interesting figure is that of Sirē ‘Āli. I could not find much about him, except a few words by the French officer, colonial administrator and scholarHenriGaden, paraphrasedbyDavidRobinson: The location and movement of the fragments after 1903 is even more difficult to trace. Gaden states that the “warrior” groups tended to settle in British Nigeria and French Niger, while the “maraboutic” Umarians were determined to push on to the east and the Holy Lands. This distinc- tion concords with his record of specific movements in the wake of Burmi: 1904, Alfa Hashimi, traveling alone in order to avoid detection; 1905, Sire Ali, an influential “Tokolor” marabout; 1906, a group led by several Tal and some talibes of Toro clearly attached to the Tal family. It is clear that the basic impulse to continue the emigration came from those who had fought at Burmi with Bassiru and Hashimi 3 . 1 Seesemann R. Alfā Hāshim Mu ḥ ammad al-Hāshimī b. A ḥ mad b. Sa ʿ īd // The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 3rd edition. Vol. 10. Leiden: Brill, 2010. 2 About his role in the diaspora see e.g. Chanfi A. West African ‘Ulamā’ and Salafism inMecca andMedina: Jawāb al-Ifrīqī, the Response of the African . Leiden: Brill, 2015. P. 24–27. 3 Robinson D. The Umarian emigration of the late nineteenth century. P. 260.