Япония: цивилизация, культура, язык 2024

«ISSUES OF JAPANOLOGY, vol. 10» St-Petersburg State Univ 2024 197 aspiration. Zen lacks this aspiration. Aspiration is none other than Wang Yangming. Yangming philosophy is, in essence, a kind of religion. The spirit of “Be perfect, therefore, as your heavenly Father is perfect”, from the Sermon on the Mount, is somewhat glimpsed by the accomplished practitioners of the Yangming school ” 22 . Both scholars emphasized the religious elements of Yōmeigaku philosophy and understand it as being “progressive” and filled with “aspiration” compared to other traditional teachings. They also perceive these distinctive features of Yōmeigaku as being closest to the spirit (faith) of Christianity. This evaluation of Yōmeigaku is also exemplified by Tōkoku’s perspective, likely stems from its emphasis on the humanistic character of “conscience (liangzhi)” as the “heavenly law (Tianli)” inherent in human beings and its practical nature based on thorough (the unity of knowledge and action theory). He writes in “ Kakujin Shinkyu Naino Hikyū ” 『陽明派の良知良能、禅僧の心は宇宙の至粋にして心と 真理と殆一躰視するが如き｡｡｡』 23 “ The innate knowledge and innate ability in Yōmeigaku, as well as the minds of Zen monks, regard the essence of the universe as the utmost purity and view the mind and truth as almost indistinguishable ” . In “Shinchiren”, Tōkoku emphasized the positive attitude towards the world in his idealistic stance, which is deeply influenced by the “ Yamaji-Kitamura literary debate ” . However, the concept of worldly orientation observed there can be recognized even before the famous controversy took 22 Ibid. 23 勝本清一郎､北村透谷全集､第二巻、『各人深宮内の秘宮』、 15 頁、 岩波書店、 1912.