Африканистика в России: прошлое и настоящее

337  Е. П. Шварц. Ремесленники Бета Исраэль во время правления Феодора II...  14. Нора П. Проблематика мест памяти//Франция-память. СПб.: Издательство Санкт-Петербургского университета, 1999. С. 17–50. 15. Эрлих Х., Соломон А., Каплан С. Эфиопия: христианство, ислам, иудаизм. Раанана: Издательство Открытого университета, 2012. Online. URL: http://online-books.openu.ac.il/russian/ethiopia-christianity- islam-judaism (Дата обращения: 13.01.2023). 16. መምህር አስረስ ያየህ . ቤተ እስራኤል በኢትዮጵያ :: ታሪካቸው : ባህላቸውና አኗኗራቸው :: Аддис-Абеба: 1989 ዓ . ም .. 17. አማርኛ መዝገበ ቃላት :: የኢትዮጵያ ቋንቋዎች ጥናትና ምርምር ማዕከል :: አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርሲቲ :: 1993 /Амхарский словарь. Аддис-Абеба: Центр по изучению языков. Аддис-Абебский университет, 1993. 18. ዳንኤል በለጠ , አሳልፍ ተከተል . የጠቢባን ታሪክ :: ከጎንደር እስከ ሽዋ የተባለው የ 19- 20 ክፍለ ዘመን የቤተ እስራኤሎች ታሪክ . Эйлат: 2016. The Beta Israel Craftsmen Under the Reign of Tewodros II (1855–1868) Abstract: As it was prohibited for the Ethiopian Jews to own land, they found themselves involved in a system of division of labor based on religious affiliation, in which Beta Israel occupied the craftsmen niche. In the middle of the XIX century, after arriving in Ethiopia under the guise of artisans needed by Tewodros II, the St. Crischona and the London Jewish Missionary Society missionaries began to preach among the Ethiopian Jews. The emperor expected the missionaries to perform works on the construction of roads and cannons, but the European missionaries did not obtain the necessary skills for it, and after the deception had been uncovered, Tewodros II captured them. While thememoirs of missionaries and the royal chronicle conceal the participation of Jewish artisans in forced labors, this event is still an important memory space (lieu de mémoire) of the Ethiopian Jews.Тhe purpose of this paper is to analyze how the socio-economic niche occupied by the Ethiopian Jews influenced their relationship with Tewodros II, the ruler of Ethiopia, and what impact the Protestant mission had on them using the Beta Israel Oral Tradition in Amharic and the German sources of that time period. Keywords: Beta Israel, Ethiopian Jews, missionary work, forced labors, memory space, crafts.