Тибетская литература в современном литературном процессе

Summary The book has been written by a team including a specialist in the Chinese philology Ekaterina Zavidovskaya, Ph.D. (Nanhua University, Taiwan), as well as professors and young scholars (Ph.D. candidates and students) of the Chair of Mongolian and Tibetan studies of the Saint-Petersburg State University) Associate Professor Pavel Grokhovskiy, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Ph.D. Can- didate Mariya Smirnova, students Natalia Mikhaylova and Anastasiia Ilina. The chapter Prerequisites and conditions of formation of the modern Tibetan literature in the PRC deals with features of medieval Tibetan literature, beginnings of Modern Tibetan literature, state policy regarding the culture of ethnic minorities in the PRC in 1950s and 1960s and its influence on the development of the Tibetan language and literature, Tibetan language and literature during the Cultural Revolution period (1966–1976), the task of creating Modern Tibetan literature in the PRC in the 1980s and ways of its implementation. The chapter Life and Oeuvre of Gedun Chopel (1903–1951) — the First Modern Tibetan Scholar, Man of Letters and Enlightener presents a study sum- marizing the existing records of Gedun Chopel’s life, scholarly, literary and artistic works. Gedun Chopel is regarded as the first modern Tibetan scholar and one of the most controversial figures in the modern Tibetan history. Gedun Chopel’s literary and scholarly oeuvre enjoys popularity not only among the Tibetan community, but also serves as a multidirectional research topic for many Western scholars. Certain facts about his life or works continue to spark disputes among researchers up to the present time. The chapter features biography of Gedun Chopel and his literary, scholarly and artistic works and gives an overview of the existing research on life and works of Gedun Chopel. The chapter Significance of the Tibetan newspaper Yul phyogs so so’i gsar ‘gyur me long (1925–1963) for modernization of the Tibetan literary language and development of secular Tibetan literature is devoted to the Yul phyogs so so’i gsar ‘gyur me long (or, as it was called by its editor, The Tibet Mirror ), the first periodical in the Tibetan language that was published by a Tibetan editor. Dorje Tharchin, the editor of The Tibet Mirror and a remarkable Tibetan religious and public leader, exerted every effort in his practically unprofitable, but enthusiasm-charged undertaking of newspaper issuing and its distribution among representatives of the Tibetan society. However, Yul phyogs so so’i gsar ‘gyur me long not only presents the first example of the Tibetan mass media, but contains first pieces of modern Tibetan writing which determined a future development of the new Tibetan literary genres and contributed to the introduction of modern political and economic terminology and new grammatical and lexical features in the Tibetan language. The chapter describes the history of The Tibet Mirror and other newspapers in the Tibetan language preceding the publication of The Tibet Mirror or being published at the same time with it; provides an analysis of the first six issues of Yul phyogs so so’i gsar ‘gyur me long (Vol. I No.1–6, dated 1925–1926) and discusses Yul phyogs so so’i gsar ‘gyur me long ‘s