Языки и литературы тюркских народов

123 H. Umemura Some aspects of Uyghur family of Turfan area around 13 th century The characteristics of Uyghur society in Turfan basin around 13 th century will be: 1) Mongol power was established over the Uyghur Iduq- qut kingdom by the middle of 13th century. 2) It goes without saying that the strongest religious base was Buddhism. 3) Literacy of Uyghur people left many kinds of social, legal and home economics documents other than enormous religious texts. Here the author concentrates on “ïnančï / inäči” family together with “ozmïš toγrïl / toqïl” family appears in documents originally in- troduced early by W. W. Radloff. Adding to them, SI Kr. IV/638 will be considered as a document which shows us the family history of that period. Three generations are recognized in those documents. Five of six brothers of the second generation sold and bought lands each other, and three of them lived in the nearby area. From facts of those docu- ments, we can reconstruct the family ties. Document SI Kr. IV/638 is a long account book concerning weddings and funerals of the family, which shows that most of expenses of those events were procured by debts and those are described as “törülüg” or “according to the custom / as the custom”. Such custom should be regarded as a mutual aid of Uyghur land- owner class in the local community covered by the complexed political order fromMongolian empire to the Iduq qut and other traditional local powers. Even though some Mongolian Emperor’s commands describe the very detailed decision about the local popular legal life of Uyghur peo- ple, they had already made the forms of contracts on the essential legal deed. It will be concluded that there was a kind of autonomic society on those days.